Annual Report 2018

204 FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2018 　截至二零一八年十二月三十一日止年度 SHOUGANG CONCORD CENTURY HOLDINGS LIMITED 首長寶佳集團有限公司 綜合財務報告附註 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 3 財務風險管理 3.1 財務風險因素 本集團的活動使本集團承受多種 財務風險：市場風險（包括貨幣風 險、公平值利率風險、現金流利率 風險及價格風險）、信貸風險及流 動資金風險。本集團的整體風險管 理計劃針對金融市場的不可預測 性，力求將對本集團財務表現所造 成的潛在不利影響降至最低。 (a) 市場風險 (i) 外匯風險 本集團的外幣交易主要 以人民幣（「人民幣」）、 港元及美元（「美元」）計 值。本集團的大部分資 產和負債主要以人民幣 （「人民幣」）、港元及美 元（「美元」）計值，並無 重大資產及負債以其他 貨幣計值。本集團面對 並非以港元、人民幣或 美元（本集團旗下主要營 運公司的功能貨幣）計值 的未來商業交易及已確 認資產及負債所產生的 外匯風險。 管理層認為，與美元有 關 的 外 匯 風 險 並 不 重 大，乃因港元與美元掛 鈎，加上美元計值的交 易主要由採用同種功能 貨幣的實體進行。人民 幣兌港元的匯率須遵守 中國政府頒佈的外匯管 制規則及規例。本集團 透過密切監控外幣匯率 的變動來管控其外幣風 險。 3 Financial risk management 3.1 Financial risk factors The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including currency risk, fair value interest rate risk, cash flow interest rate risk and price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group’s overall risk management programme focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on the Group’s financial performance. (a) Market risk (i) Foreign exchange risk T h e G r o u p ’ s f o r e i g n c u r r e n c y transactions are mainly denominated in RMB, HK$ and United States dollar (“US$”). The majority of assets and liabilities are denominated in RMB, HK$ and US$, and there are no significant asset s and l i ab i l i t i es denomi nated i n o t he r cu r r enc i es . The Gr oup i s subject to foreign exchange rate risk arising from commercial transactions and recognised assets and liabilities denomi na t i ng i n a cu r r ency o t he r than RMB, HK$ and US$ which are the functional currencies of the major operating companies within the Group. The management considers the foreign exchange risk with respect to US$ is not significant as HK$ is pegged to US$ and transactions denominated in US$ are mainly carried out by entities with the same functional currency. The exchange rate of RMB to HK$ is subject to the rules and regulations of foreign exchange control promulgated by the PRC government. The Group manages its foreign currency risk by closely monitoring the movement of the foreign currency rates.