Annual Report 2024

206 2024 Annual Report Transport International Holdings Limited NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Expressed in Hong Kong dollars unless otherwise indicated) 1 Material accounting policies (continued) (n) Credit losses and impairment of assets (continued) (i) Credit losses from financial instruments (continued) Significant increases in credit risk (continued) In particular, the following information is taken into account when assessing whether the credit risk has increased significantly since initial recognition: – failure to make payments of principal or interest on their contractually due dates; – an actual or expected significant deterioration in a financial instrument’s external or internal credit rating (if available); – an actual or expected significant deterioration in the operating results of the debtor; and – existing or forecast changes in the technological, market, economic or legal environment that have a significant adverse effect on the debtor’s ability to meet its obligation to the Group. Depending on the nature of the financial instruments, the assessment of a significant increase in credit risk is performed on either an individual basis or a collective basis. When the assessment is performed on a collective basis, the financial instruments are grouped based on shared credit risk characteristics, such as past due status and credit risk ratings. ECLs are remeasured at each reporting date to reflect changes in the financial instrument’s credit risk since initial recognition. Any change in the ECL amount is recognised as an impairment gain or loss in profit or loss. The Group recognises an impairment gain or loss for all financial instruments with a corresponding adjustment to their carrying amount through a loss allowance account, except for investments in debt securities that are measured at FVOCI (recycling), for which the loss allowance is recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in the fair value reserve (recycling). Basis of calculation of interest income Interest income recognised in accordance with note 1(u)(iv) is calculated based on the gross carrying amount of the financial asset unless the financial asset is credit-impaired, in which case interest income is calculated based on the amortised cost (i.e. the gross carrying amount less loss allowance) of the financial asset. At each reporting date, the Group assesses whether a financial asset is credit-impaired. A financial asset is credit-impaired when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset have occurred. Evidence that a financial asset is credit-impaired includes the following observable events: – significant financial difficulties of the debtor; – a breach of contract, such as a default or delinquency in interest or principal payments; – it becoming probable that the borrower will enter into bankruptcy or other financial reorganisation; – significant changes in the technological, market, economic or legal environment that have an adverse effect on the debtor; or – the disappearance of an active market for a security because of financial difficulties of the issuer.